Senior Grok management could be prosecuted over child sex abuse images, gardaí say

Garda assistant commissioner Angela Willis said gardaí have received 244 referrals about AI images abuse generated by Grok

Investigations into the generation of child sex abuse images by the AI chatbot Grok could lead to prosecutions of senior management, a Garda assistant commissioner has suggested.

Appearing before the Committee on Artificial Intelligence Angela Willis said gardaí have received 244 referrals about AI images abuse generated by Grok.

She said around half of those relate to child sex abuse imagery.

Asked by People Before Profit's Paul Murphy if any of the investigations are into "Grok itself", Ms Willis said An Garda Síochána are "not ruling anything out".

She added that evidence might first involve users of the technology but said they "will spare no effort in trying to identify all of the different opportunities to bring perpetrators before the courts".

The Assistant Commissioner for Organised and Serious Crime did say these investigations "can be quite complicated and a quite lengthy process" because of their trans-national nature and the involvement of multiple other jurisdictions.

She said gardaí will take them "as far as we can from an evidential perspective, and then we will obviously bring that information before the Director of Public Prosecutions (DPP)".

Earlier, she was asked by Fine Gael's James Geoghegan if there is a distinction, in Irish law, between "the enabler of the production" and the producer.

She said "historically" investigations have focused on "whoever generated the material" but said their investigations "will go wherever the evidence leads us", adding it would be up to the DPP to decide if a prosecution would follow.

Ms Willis said: "But certainly in order to initiate an investigation, there is ample scope to investigate if somebody is aiding or abetting, the generation of such material when it relates to a child."

Quizzed on the generation of sexual abuse images by AI image generating tools, she agreed investigating the generation of non-consensual images of adults is more complicated.

Asked if An Garda Síochána, in their conversations with the Minister, are exploring proposals to strengthen laws in this area, including Coco's Law she said "yes, and I'm aware that's already under consideration".

The Harassment, Harmful Communications and Related Offences Bill, also known as Coco's Law, was enacted in 2020.

It makes the distribution or publication of an intimate image without consent, with intent to cause harm to the victim a serious offence with perpetrators facing up to seven years' imprisonment.

It also criminalises threats to distribute or publish such images.

Ms Willis also confirmed gardai are "not actively monitoring" the dark web. 

Fianna Fáil's Naoise O Cearuil had asked her if it was being monitored given the prevalence of child sexual exploitation on the dark web.

The Kildare North TD asked if they investigate when evidence comes before the Gardai or they have "a reason to believe" there is illegal material on the dark web to which she responded "yes".

She also confirmed Gardaí have the technical expertise to do so.

Asked why "there isn't an extensive monitoring of the dark web and only when a complaint arises?" the assistant commissioner said: "I suppose it's down to capacity. It's as simple as that, and our capacity to monitor it."

She said if the Gardai could "deploy AI tools in that space" there would be "huge opportunities for us", but that they had not "assessed any tools to date".