Mystery illness kills 17 Chinese farmers

A mystery disease that killed 17 farmers who handled sick pigs or sheep in China’s south west is unrelated to bird flu or SARS and is probably caused by bacteria carried by pigs, state media reported today.

Another 41 people in the south-western province of Sichuan were taken to hospital with symptoms that include high fever, fatigue, nausea and vomiting, and “became comatose later with bruises under the skin,” the official Xinhua News Agency said.

Twelve were in a critical condition, Xinhua said.

The illness likely stems from streptococcus suis, a bacteria that is usually spread among pigs, provincial health official Zeng Huajin was quoted as saying by the China Daily newspaper.

“I can assure you that the disease is absolutely not SARS, anthrax or bird flu,” Zeng said. He did not elaborate on how the illness was spread to humans, saying more research needed to be done.

China is sensitive to such public health threats after criticism of its handling of severe acute respiratory syndrome, which first emerged in the country’s south in 2002.

The government was widely criticised for its slow response to pleas for co-operation and information about the disease, which killed nearly 800 people worldwide before subsiding in July 2003.

China also is trying to contain an outbreak of avian flu in its west, where thousands of migratory birds have died in recent weeks.

The Sichuan health bureau spokesman said today 17 people have died from the mystery illness and another two have recovered. The cause of the deaths was under investigation, he said.

The symptoms reported “seem consistent” with streptococcus suis, said Bob Dietz, a spokesman for the World Health Organisation’s Western Pacific region in Manila.

“We don’t think we’ve seen numbers on this scale before, but it might be because of a heightened surveillance system,” Dietz said. “Of course we are concerned any time we have a situation like this. We will continue to watch it closely.”

So far, China has kept the agency informed “in a timely manner,” he said.

The last major pig-borne epidemic occurred in Malaysia, where 265 people were infected with the Nipah virus between 1998 and 1999. Some 105 people died and nearly a million animals were slaughtered before the outbreak was controlled. The virus is capable of infecting a variety of animals and is lethal to about 50% of human patients, causing severe encephalitis.

The Chinese ministries of health and agriculture sent a special team last week to Sichuan to assist in the investigation, treatment and control of the outbreak, the China Daily said.

Xinhua said medical experts believe the mystery illness in Sichuan “is not spreading further among humans,” and that there were “no obvious signs of (an) epidemic”.

Local governments as well as health and agricultural officials have set up special teams to try to investigate the illness, it said.

Shanghai’s Oriental Morning Post newspaper said the patients were between 30 to 70 years old; one was a woman.

The victims suffered from poisoning-related shock syndrome and were acutely infected, an employee treating the patients told Hong Kong’s Cable TV.

The son of one victim told Cable TV his father fell ill after slaughtering a sick pig and eating some of it. The names of the son and victim were not given.

Pigs in the area had been infected with streptococcus bacteria, which is common in domestic animals, the hospital worker said.

It was unclear whether the sick sheep in the area were infected with the same bacteria.

Also today, two supermarket chains in Hong Kong stopped the sale of frozen pork from Sichuan as officials sought to assure the public that the mystery disease did not pose a threat to the territory.