Isamu Akasaki and Hiroshi Amano of Japan and US scientist Shuji Nakamura have won the Nobel Prize in physics for the invention of blue light-emitting diodes - a new energy efficient and environment-friendly light source.

The Nobel Prize-winning scientist, Professor Peter Higgs, has said he plans to retire next year at the age of 85.

Three American scientists won the 2013 economics Nobel prize for research that has improved the forecasting of asset prices in the long-term and helped the emergence of index funds in stock markets.

Americans Eugene Fama, Lars Peter Hansen and Robert Shiller have won the Nobel prize for economics for developing new methods to study trends in asset markets.

Professor Peter Higgs, the scientist who gave his name to the Higgs boson particle, says he is “overwhelmed” to have won the Nobel Prize in Physics.

British physicist Peter Higgs and Francois Englert, of Belgium, have won the 2013 Nobel Prize in physics for their theoretical discoveries on how subatomic particles acquire mass.

Life-saving kidney exchange programmes and ways for schools to select students are just two practical applications of the market-matching theories for which US economists Alvin Roth and Lloyd Shapley won the Nobel prize for economics yesterday.

Americans Alvin Roth and Lloyd Shapley have won the Nobel economics prize for research that helps explain the market processes when doctors are assigned to hospitals, students to schools and human organs for transplant to recipients.

Americans Robert Lefkowitz and Brian Kobilka have won the 2012 Nobel Prize in chemistry for studies of proteins that let body cells respond to signals from the outside.

Frenchman Serge Haroche and American David Wineland have won the 2012 Nobel Prize in physics for inventing and developing methods for observing tiny quantum particles without destroying them.

Sprawling cities will put the world under pressure, says Nina Chestney

AMERICANS Thomas Sargent and Christopher Sims shared the 2011 Nobel Prize for Economics yesterday for providing ways to understand the impacts of policy changes or shocks like surging oil prices on output, inflation or employment.

Israeli scientist Daniel Shechtman has won the 2011 Nobel Prize in chemistry for his discovery of quasicrystals.

A Briton and two Americans today shared the Nobel economics prize for developing theories that help explain how policies can affect unemployment.

THREE scientists shared the 2010 Nobel Prize for Chemistry yesterday for forging a toolkit to manipulate carbon atoms, paving the way for new drugs to fight cancer, HIV, and for the development of revolutionary plastics.

Three scientists have won the 2010 Nobel Prize in chemistry for developing a chemical method allowing researchers to make potential cancer drugs and other medicines as well as slimmed-down computer screens.

Two British-based scientists shared the Nobel Prize in physics today for "groundbreaking experiments" with an atom-thin material expected to play a large role in electronics.

Americans Elinor Ostrom and Oliver Williamson won the Nobel economics prize today for their work in economic governance.

THREE Americans whose research in the 1960s laid the foundation for digital images and lightning-fast communication have shared the 2009 Nobel Prize in physics for their work developing fibre-optic cable and the sensor at the heart of digital cameras.

Three Americans shared the 2009 Nobel prize for physics today. The honour has been awarded to Charles K Kao, Willard S Boyle and George E Smith for breakthroughs involving the transmission of light in fibre optics and inventing an imaging semiconductor circuit.

Nobel Prize jurors who accepted all-expenses-paid trips to China to discuss the awards are being investigated on suspicion of bribery, it emerged today.

PAUL KRUGMAN, a New York Times columnist and harsh critic of the Bush administration, has won the Nobel economic prize for his analysis of how economies of scale can affect trade patterns and the location of economic activity.

American Paul Krugman won the Nobel economics prize today for his analysis of trade patterns and location of economic activity.

Two Japanese and an American have won the 2008 Nobel Prize for discoveries in the world of subatomic physics, the Royal Swedish Academy of Sciences announced today.

A 90-year-old became the oldest Nobel prize winner today for his work on economic theory.

German scientist Gerhard Ertl won this year’s chemistry Nobel Prize today for research that has helped explain the thinning of the ozone layer.

TWO European scientists won the 2007 Nobel Prize in physics yesterday for a discovery that allowed the iPod to become reality.

A French and a German scientist shared the 2007 Nobel Prize in physics today for their discovery of a process used by billions of people on their computers and digital music players.

Underestimating your opponent’s hand in a game of poker could dig a deep hole in your pocket.

Israeli-American Robert Aumann and American Thomas Schelling won the 2005 Nobel Memorial Prize in Economic Sciences today for their work in game-theory analysis.

Astronomer Royal Martin Rees was tonight awarded a £290,000 (€430,000) science prize with two Americans.

American Edward C Prescott and Norwegian Finn E Kydland won this year’s Nobel prize in economics for their work in identifying the driving forces behind business cycles.

Scientists from the US, Japan and a Switzerland today shared the Nobel Prize in chemistry for developing methods of identifying and analysing “biological macromolecules,” including proteins.