Malaria warning as number of cases doubles in a year

THE number of malaria cases in Ireland has doubled in the past year, as a new survey shows that most travellers are not concerned about the risk of the disease.

So far, this year, there have been 76 cases of the tropical disease notified to the Health Protection Surveillance Centre, compared to just 36 in the same period last year, and a total of 44 in 2005.

The figures come as a survey shows that travellers going to high-risk malaria areas were more concerned about the prospect of a terror attack.

The survey of 155 people, carried out by GlaxoSmithKline, also revealed a substantial lack of knowledge about malaria.

One-fifth did not know that malaria could be fatal, and one-third were unaware that it can kill within 24 hours if not treated.

Malaria is carried from person to person by mosquitoes. While some strains can kill, it generally causes severe exhaustion, high fever, shakes and sweating.

Dr Graham Fry, Medical Director of the Tropical Medical Bureau, said the majority of the cases detected here are from the fatal strain of the disease.

“There are four types of malaria. Falciparum is the most severe type and that can kill you in 24 hours if you do not get treated.

“The other types come on more slowly and can be very unpleasant. The majority of cases found here are Falciparum, but nobody [here] is known to have died from it,” he said.

Dr Fry said the increase in trips to exotic destinations and in those going “off the beaten track” has led to an increase in malaria.

“Another big reason for the increase is what we call VFR, visiting friends and relatives.

“People who came to live in Ireland two or three years ago are now going to their home countries to visit friends or family, mostly to West Africa.

“They often go to the back of beyond, but, as far as they are concerned, they are just going home, so they do not take measures to protect themselves,” he added.

Dr Fry said many people are worried about the side-effects of anti-malarial tablets, which can cause nausea, mouth ulcers and sun sensitivity. But, he said, “there are four different types of tablets and doctors will prescribe one that suits you.”

“Taking malaria protection is not just the preserve of backpacking adventurers,” added Dr Fry.

“It is just as necessary for those travelling to malaria-risk areas on short stays as well as long stays, for those staying in five-star hotels as in backpackers’ hostels, and for those staying in cities as those visiting rural areas, jungles and beaches.”