China launches first lunar probe

China launched its first lunar probe today, the first step in an ambitious 10-year plan to send a rover to the moon and return it to earth.

State television showed pictures of the Chang’e 1 orbiter taking off from the Xichang Satellite Launch Centre in Sichuan province in south-western China.

The launch comes just weeks after Japan put a probe into orbit around the moon in a big leap forward for Asia’s undeclared space race. India is likely to join the race soon, with plans to send its own lunar probe into space in April.

The Long March 3A rocket carrying the probe blasted off shortly after 11am British time after officials from the China National Space Administration said weather conditions were good for a lift-off.

Several thousand people living within 1.5 miles of the launch centre and under the rocket’s trajectory were evacuated two hours before the launch, the official Xinhua News Agency said.

More than 2,000 tourists were also on hand to watch the rocket soar into space.

The Chang’e 1, named after a mythical Chinese goddess who flew to the moon, will orbit Earth while technical adjustments are made, and will enter the moon’s orbit by November 5, administration spokesman Li Guoping said when the launch plans were announced on Monday.

The project’s goal is to analyse the chemical and mineral composition of the lunar surface. The probe will use stereo cameras and X-ray spectrometers to map three-dimensional images of the surface, and to study the moon’s dust.

The 2,300kg Chang’e 1 is expected to transmit its first photo back to China in late November, and to conduct explorations of the moon for a year.

The launch marks the first step of a three-stage moon mission. In about 2012 there will be a moon landing with a moon rover. In the third phase about five years later, another rover will land on the moon and be returned to earth with lunar soil and stone samples, Xinhua said.

In 2003, China became only the third country in the world after the United States and Russia to put its own astronauts into space.

China also alarmed the international community in January when it blasted an old satellite into oblivion with a land-based anti-satellite missile. It was the first such test ever conducted by any nation.