EU scientists: 'Tackle air pollution to cut cancer rates'

There is increasing evidence that air pollution is associated with bladder, kidney and brain cancers and that air pollution can affect survival rates. Picture: John Giles/PA Wire

Cutting air pollution should form part of government strategies to reduce cancer rates, the European Code Against Cancer has recommended.

The code previously focused on advice to help people to reduce the air pollution that they breathe. But, for the first time since its launch in 1987, it has given clear direction to governments.

Dr Sylvia Jochems, from Utrecht University in the Netherlands who is part of the expert team that devised the code, said: “Policymakers should aim to meet the World Health Organisation (WHO) global air quality guidelines for outdoor air pollution without delay, while also reducing indoor air pollution and supporting climate goals. The key message is that this needs action at EU, national and local level.” 

Tobacco smoking is the leading cause of lung cancer, but across Europe, 28,000 cases a year can also be attributed to particle pollution. It is estimated that lung cancer deaths would be reduced by more than 10% by meeting WHO guidelines for air pollution.

There is increasing evidence that air pollution is associated with bladder, kidney and brain cancers and that air pollution can affect survival rates.

With home woodburning increasing, the code calls on governments to discourage and phase out solid fuels for heating, cooking and recreation. It also calls for incentives for the installation of home energy systems that do not pollute, such as heat pumps, solar power and geothermal energy.

Ms Jochems added: “It is also important to make air quality information easily available, involve communities in local plans and protect vulnerable groups, for example around schools and care settings.” 

Specifically, governments are urged not to locate schools and nursing homes next to busy roads. Where this is not possible, indoor air filters should be installed.

The expert group calls for an end to combustion for electricity generation and heating across the EU, including coal and biomass. Cities should also be planned better to reduce motorised traffic and provide better infrastructure for active and greener travel.

The code recommends people take steps to protect themselves from air pollution and to reduce their contribution to the problem. This includes keeping homes free of smoke by not burning materials such as coal or wood, as well as taking public transport and walking or cycling instead of using a car. Other suggestions include taking low-traffic routes when walking, cycling or exercising and supporting schemes that reduce air pollution.

- The Guardian