What is perineal trauma and how can I avoid a vaginal tear during childbirth?

Most women experience a tear in the vaginal area during childbirth.  But experts say practising perineal massage during the final weeks of pregnancy will help to minimise the risk and severity 

Picture: iStock 

Nine out of ten first-time mums, and seven out of ten women who are on their second or subsequent baby, will sustain some form of perineal trauma during vaginal childbirth, according to international research.

Dr Maeve Eogan, consultant in obstetrics and gynaecology at the Rotunda Hospital, says: “Unfortunately, the biodynamics of birth is such that the baby’s head and shoulders can cause grazes or lacerations or indeed a decision may be made to cut an episiotomy during the birth either to speed up the birthing process, for example, if there are concerns about the baby’s wellbeing, or to limit more extensive tearing.”