Court victory frees European Central Bank ‘to do whatever it takes’

The European Central Bank won crucial backing yesterday for its pledge to do whatever it takes to support the euro when a top EU legal adviser removed a key hurdle to the bank’s plans to buy government bonds to bolster the economy.

Pedro Cruz Villalon, advocate general to the European Court of Justice, said a 2012 ECB bond-buying plan, designed at the height of the eurozone crisis to avert a break-up of the single currency and unused so far, did not break EU law.

It was a setback for those in Germany’s conservative financial establishment who want to stop ECB plans to print fresh money to buy government bonds and a boost for the Frankfurt-based central bank. ECB Executive Board member Yves Mersch said the opinion showed the bank had “considerable discretion” over policy.

Marcel Fratzscher, president of the Berlin-based German Institute for Economic Research, said the opinion was a victory for the ECB. “Such overwhelming support is surprising and could not have been expected,” he said. “I expect this recommendation to strengthen the position of the ECB and make a new purchase programme of government debt more likely.”

The bank is on the verge of announcing a QE scheme, possibly as early as next week, to combat deflation and put the struggling economy back on a steady footing.

In his opinion, the adviser fired a shot across the bows of the German Constitutional Court, which had referred the question to Europe’s top court, saying it was hard for courts to call the ECB into question as they had little expertise to do so.

“The ECB must have a broad discretion when framing and implementing the EU’s monetary policy, and the courts must exercise a considerable degree of caution when reviewing the ECB’s activity, since they lack the expertise and experience which the ECB has in this area,” a statement said.

While not binding, his opinion is typically followed by the court’s judges, who are due to deliver their ruling in the coming months.

Crucially, the advocate general cautioned against limiting the ECB’s room for manoeuvre, warning against the imposition of a cap on the amount of bonds the ECB could buy. That has important implications for its next move to print fresh money.

Setting such a limit “would seriously undermine the effects which the intervention on the secondary markets seeks to achieve, with the risk of triggering speculation”, he said. He expressed doubt about granting the ECB any seniority over other creditors in the event of a default — an issue of particular importance to investors. “If the status of preferential creditor were granted to the ECB, that would call into question the position of other creditors,” he said in his written opinion.