Missing bodies of hostages top list of uncertainties as Gaza ceasefire holds

A sign written in Hebrew reading ‘Sorry’ on a bench outside Abu Kabir, the forensic institute in Tel Aviv where the identification process is being carried out on four bodies returned by Hamas (Emilio Morenatti/AP)

The tenuous ceasefire in the two-year Israel-Hamas war was holding on Tuesday, a day after widespread jubilation over the return to Israel of the last 20 living hostages held in Gaza and the release of hundreds of Palestinian prisoners in exchange.

Separately, the Israeli military said troops in northern Gaza had “opened fire to remove the threat” of several people approaching them on Tuesday across the “yellow line” and not complying with orders to stop.

It did not immediately comment on any casualties in the incident.

Part of the ceasefire agreement is that Israel would pull back in Gaza to the so-called yellow line where its forces were in August, before launching their latest offensive on the Gaza City in the strip’s north.

A worker cleans the ground at the plaza known as hostages square, in Tel Aviv, Israel, Tuesday, Oct. 14, 2025. (AP Photo/Francisco Seco)

Complex issues remain ahead including when Hamas will return to Israel the bodies of the hostages believed to be dead in Gaza, as well as the health conditions of the released hostages and prisoners.

Only four of the 28 deceased hostages – whose release is also part of the first phase of the ceasefire deal brokered by US President Donald Trump — were turned over to Israeli authorities on Monday.

On Tuesday, the Israeli military identified two of them – Guy Illouz from Israel and Bipin Joshi, a student from Nepal.

The two men were both in their 20s when Hamas-led militants took them during the October 7 2023 attack on that ignited the war – Mr Illouz from the Nova music festival and Mr Joshi from a bomb shelter.

Israel said Mr Illouz died of his wounds while being held captive without proper medical treatment, while Mr Joshi was murdered in captivity in the first months of the war – adding that the National Centre of Forensic Medicine would later provide the final cause of death.

The freed Israeli hostages were in medical care on Tuesday, and some families said it would be weeks before the men could go home. In the West Bank and Gaza, where hundreds of prisoners were released, several were also taken to hospitals.

People gather to greet freed Palestinian prisoners arriving in Khan Younis, southern Gaza on Monday (Abdel Kareem Hana/AP)

Longer-term issues also hang in the balance, including whether Hamas will disarm, who will govern and help rebuild Gaza, and the overarching question of Palestinian statehood, which is central for Palestinians and many countries in the region.

“The first steps to peace are always the hardest,” Mr Trump had said as he stood with foreign leaders in Egypt on Monday for a summit on Gaza’s future.

He hailed the ceasefire deal he brokered between Israel and Hamas as the end of the war in Gaza and the start of rebuilding the devastated territory.

On Tuesday, the United Nations development agency said the latest joint estimate from the UN, the European Union and the World Bank is that 70 billion dollars (£53 billion) will be required to rebuild Gaza.

Jaco Cillers, special representative of UNDP administrator for a programme to help Palestinians, said 20 billion dollars (£15 billion) would be needed in the next three years, and the rest would be needed over a longer period, possibly decades.

In Egypt, Mr Trump urged regional leaders to “put old feuds aside” as world leaders met to discuss the challenges ahead in securing a lasting peace.

Representatives from Israel or Hamas were not at the summit.