Ukraine war spurred Nato to revamp its defence plans against Russian attack

Nato leaders agreed to the biggest shake up of defence plans since the Cold War (Pavel Golovkin/AP)

Nato leaders, including US president Joe Biden, have endorsed a shakeup of the organisation’s response to an attack on its territory by Russia, the biggest since the Cold War.

Inspired in part by Moscow’s invasion of Ukraine, the top-secret defence plans lay out which of the 31 member countries would be called on to respond an attack anywhere from the Arctic and Baltic Sea regions through the northern Atlantic and south to the Mediterranean and Black Seas.