Study fools people into thinking they have mannequin's body

People have been “fooled” into perceiving the bodies of mannequins and other individuals as their own in a new scientific experiment, it was revealed today.

The illusion of body-swapping was created by experts testing the brain’s perception of the physical self.

Cognitive neuroscientists at the Swedish medical university Karolinska Institutet fitted the head of a shop dummy with two cameras connected to two small screens placed in front of the subjects’ eyes, so that they saw what the dummy “saw”.

When the dummy’s camera eyes and a subject’s head were directed downwards, the subject saw the dummy’s body where he or she would normally have seen his or her own.

When a scientist touched the stomach of both with sticks, the subject could see that the mannequin’s stomach was being touched while feeling (but not seeing) a similar sensation on his or her own stomach.

As a result, the subject developed a powerful sensation that the mannequin’s body was his or her own, the scientists said.

“This shows how easy it is to change the brain’s perception of the physical self,” said Henrik Ehrsson, who led the project.

“By manipulating sensory impressions, it’s possible to fool the self not only out of its body but into other bodies too.”

In another experiment, the camera was mounted on to another person’s head. When this person and the subject turned towards each other to shake hands, the subject perceived the camera-wearer’s body as his or her own.

“The subjects see themselves shaking hands from the outside, but experience it as another person,” says Valeria Petkova, who co-conducted the study with Dr Ehrsson.

“The sensory impression from the hand-shake is perceived as though coming from the new body, rather than the subject’s own.”

The strength of the illusion was confirmed by the subjects’ exhibiting stress reactions when a knife was held to the camera wearer’s arm but not when it was held to their own.

The illusion also worked even when the two people differed in appearance or were of different sexes.

However, it was not possible to fool the self into identifying with a non-humanoid object, such as a chair or a large block.

The object of the exercise was to learn more about how the brain constructs an internal image of the body.

The knowledge that the sense of corporal identification/self-perception can be manipulated to make people believe that they have a new body is of potential practical use in virtual reality applications and robot technology, the scientists say.

The study is published in the online, open-access journal PLoS ONE.