Transition cow management: A quick guide to a cow's most crucial six weeks

Getting conditions right during this period can set the cow up for the entire lactation cycle, so it's crucial to get it right.
The term 'transition cow' is one that comes up often among industry insiders, but what does this really look like on farm, and what are the key considerations for managing cows at this stage?
When we talk about 'transition cows', we are referring to the three weeks immediately before and after calving when cows undergo significant changes in their metabolic state.