Cardinal’s mercy plea for divorced Catholics

From his stylish living room overlooking St Peter’s Square, Cardinal Walter Kasper doesn’t come off as a figure at the centre of one of the greatest storms swirling in Catholicism in decades.

Relaxed on a black leather sofa, the German theologian says he fully expected the knives would come out when, at Pope Francis’ request, he made a suggestion that challenged a deep Church taboo and has dominated debate ahead of a landmark meeting on Catholic family life that opens this weekend.

The issue is not abortion, contraception or gay marriage. It is the fate of Catholics who divorce — and the outcome will be a key test of how far Francis’ reform agenda will go.

Delivering a speech to a closed meeting of cardinals last February, Kasper suggested that Catholics who remarry without an annulment, a Church declaration that the first marriage was invalid and thus never existed, might receive Communion after a period of penance.

Church teaching holds that without an annulment, these Catholics are living in sin and thus ineligible to receive the sacraments.

Based on the mudslinging the remarks caused between church liberals and conservatives, outside observers might have thought that Kasper had proposed that women be ordained priests.

Five prominent cardinals — including the Vatican’s doctrine czar and its supreme court chief justice — published an entire book to refute him. Francis’ top economic adviser did the same in a preface to another book.

Conservative commentators, canon lawyers and theologians have been furiously blogging to argue that Kasper’s suggestion is impossible for the simple reason that it runs contrary to Jesus’ teaching on the indissolubility of marriage.

“The Church is not going to change its teaching on the indissolubility of marriage because she cannot,” American Cardinal Raymond Burke, one of Kasper’s fiercest critics, told reporters this week.

But as he faces the firestorm, Kasper appears to have a powerful ally: the Pope himself.

During his first Sunday blessing as pontiff, Francis praised Kasper by name as a “great theologian” and gave an unprecedented papal thumbs up to his book, Mercy, which provides the theological basis for mercy being at the heart of the Christian message.

Showing the Church’s merciful face, rather than its morality-driven side, has come to define Francis’ pontificate, and informs the way he has long treated complicated pastoral issues like divorce.

“I believe that this is the season of mercy,” Francis told reporters last year when asked about a possible opening for divorced and remarried Catholics.

Kasper, an 81-year-old veteran Vatican official, is calm amid the tempest, and certain that a solution can be found.

“I think we can have common criteria, a common doctrine on marriage and family,” Kasper said. “And then I think the bishops’ conferences should decide concrete ways to do it.”

On divorce, Kasper argues that if the Church can forgive a murderer, surely it can forgive someone whose first marriage failed and wants to try again, while still participating in the sacramental life of the Church.

… “Mercy is that God gives us a new chance, in every situation, if we want it,” Kasper says. “That is a very important message: We can always start anew.”

While the divorce issue has dominated the pre-meeting debate, the two-week synod will cover a host of hot-button issues related to Catholic family life, including pre-marital sex, contraception and gay unions. Vatican officials say no issue is off-limits, and that Francis wants a frank and open discussion that will continue into next year when final proposals are made.